The war in Gaza has left a big question hanging: Who will take charge after the fighting stops? After nearly 16 months of conflict, four different ideas are now emerging about how the territory should be governed.

Right now, Hamas still runs most of the enclave, even though their power has taken a hit. Meanwhile, Israel controls some key areas and is considering whether to expand its presence—though that could risk reigniting the war.

Another option gaining attention is international oversight. Foreign security contractors are already managing a checkpoint in northern Gaza, checking vehicles for weapons. Some Israeli officials think this could grow into a broader role, possibly involving Arab states stepping in to help manage the area.

Then there’s the Palestinian Authority, which once ruled Gaza before Hamas took over in 2007. Over the weekend, they started staffing a border crossing with Egypt, working alongside European security teams. They’re hoping this could be the first step toward regaining control of the entire territory.

As Israel and Hamas prepare for negotiations to extend the cease-fire, the future of Gaza’s governance remains unclear. Each of these models has its supporters and challenges, but one thing’s for sure: the decisions made in the coming weeks will shape the region for years to come.