Southern Italy is no stranger to wildfires, but recent years have seen these blazes grow more destructive. While scorching temperatures and dry winds from the Sahara create the perfect conditions, experts suggest the Mafia might be playing a dangerous role in starting the fires.

More than half of Italy’s wildfires are intentionally set, officials say. Some are started by farmers clearing land, seasonal workers seeking firefighting jobs, or even people settling personal scores. But in regions where the Mafia holds sway, these fires are increasingly seen as tools for power and profit.

Researchers point out that the Mafia’s influence makes it tough to gather hard evidence linking them directly to the fires. However, patterns show a strong connection. In 2021, Sicily alone saw over 8,000 fires, many in areas controlled by organized crime groups.

The Mafia’s motives are twofold: money and control. Fires create emergencies that require firefighting, cleanup, and rebuilding—all lucrative opportunities for criminal networks. There’s also evidence that burned land is being targeted for solar and wind energy projects, potentially tapping into clean-energy funding.

But it’s not just about profit. Fire is also a weapon of intimidation. By setting blazes, the Mafia sends a clear message: they’re in charge.

Tackling this issue isn’t easy. Laws exist to prevent land development after fires, but enforcement is weak. Experts argue that Italy needs a better strategy to prevent fires and reforest damaged areas, rather than just focusing on putting them out.

As climate change worsens, the Mafia’s ability to exploit wildfires may only grow. It’s a grim reminder that even natural disasters can be twisted into tools for crime.